Hydrocarbon illuminating-lamp.



No. 654,976. Pat ented July 3|, I900.

W. HAWKS. HYDROCARBON lLLUMINATING LAMP.

Application filed Dec. 22, 1898. Renewed June 25, 1900.)

(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

Ill K- No. 654,976. Patented July 31, I900. W. HAWKS. .HYDRUCABBONILLUMINATING LAMP.

(Application filed Dec. 22, 1898v Renewed June 25, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2,

(No Model.)

m: mums PETERS co. Mum-Emu).v wAsnmBrON. u. c.

' Nq. 654,976. Patehted July 3|, I906.

W. HAWKS.

HYDROCARBON ILLUMINATING LAMP.

' (Application filed Dec. 22, 1898. Renewed June 25, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 h V V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HAWKS, OF MIDLAND, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS JEFFERY ANDCHARLES F. STOKES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HYDROCARBON ILLUMINATING-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 654,976, dated July 31,1900. Application filed December 1 1898- Renewed June 25, 1900. SerialNo. 21,678. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM HAWKS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Midland, in the county of Midland and State of Michigan,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Lamps, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is the prod uction of anillumihating-lanipof the character mentioned for giving a clear hite'light'of great intensity with a comparatively-small consumption of theliquid fuel.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation'of this lamp.Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlargedcentral section of the generatingchamber and needle-valve. Fig. 4 is anenlarged View of the lower end of the vertical hydrocarbon-conductingpipe extending through the air-chamber and the hydrocarban-receptacle.Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on dotted line was of Fig. 2, showing therelative positions of the several pipes rising above the air-chamber.Fig. 6 isaside elevation of my lamp adapted for chandelier use.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

A is the hydrocarbon-receptacle.

B is the air-chamber, located above thereceptacle A.

B is a pipe forming a communication between the air-chamber and thehydrocarbonreceptacle.

B is an air-valve of any suitable construction,through which air may beintroduced into the air-chamber B. For convenience I have used anair-valve similar to that employed on bicycle-tires. I i

O is a hydrocarbon-conducting pipe extendin g centrally through thehydrocarbon-receptacle A and the air-chamber B, opening into the formerby means of the openings 0, but having no direct communication with theinterior of the air-chamber B. The casing 0 of wire-gauze, protects theopenings 0.

D is a cap for closing the upper end of the hydrocarbon-conducting pipe0, forming also a support for the burner and upper parts of the lamp. Ia

E is a curved mixing=pipe, within which the generated gas is mixed inproper proportions with the atmosphere.

vi'municates with the generating-chamber G by means of the o ening 1 Theneedle-valve casing is of slig tly-greater diameter than theneedle-valve topermit of the passageof the generated gas beside thevalve. The needlevalve I is provided witha screw-thread con nection withthe needle-valve casing to give it the necessary longitudinal movementin said casing. r J is an air-funnel having a screw-thread connectionwith the upper end of the mixingpipe E, whereby it may be moved withrelation to the end of the needle-Valve If and the quantity of airuniting with the hydrocarbon gas thus regulated. l K is an incandescentburner of any suitable form, in which the gas generated in thegenerating-chamber G passing by the needlevalve I and through themixing-pipe E is consumed.

In the chandelier form of lamp shown in Fig. 6 I have arranged aswivel-joint E in the curved mixing-pipe E,whereby the burner K may beturned to one side for convenience in heating the generator. An alcoholor other torch is usually used to heat the generator on lighting thelamp, and it is convenient to thus move aside the burner until thegenerator is heated. E is a ring fixed on the lower member of the curvedmixing pipe E, having the notch F. in said ring. E is a pivotedgravitylatch for engaging the notch E and holding the two members of thepipe E in proper relative positions. In this form of lamp I have alsoprovided an-attached ainpump L for supplying the air-chamber B with airunder pressure.

In practice the hydrocarbon-receptacle A is filled with gasolene, theair-valve B being entirely removed for that purpose. Pressure 3s v, a orV I x v While I have shown this lamp as a stand?v lamp,it is clear thatit may be used in con-- nejction withhanging or chandelier brackets,

is created inthe air-chamber B by forcing atmospheric air through theair-valve If by any suitable means. The air-pressure upon, the surfaceof the 'gasolene in the receptacle Ais snfiicient to force that liquidupward'in the conducting-pipe (1 and the tube .F into thegenerating-chamberG, and upon theapplica= tion of sufficient heat to thegenerating-chain? "ber gas is caused to issue from the needle-' valvecasing I into the mixing-pipe E, whence it is conducted to theburner K,Where it is consumed. The heat of combustion rising from the burner Kkeeps the generating-chamber G heated to a temperature suflicientlto,

continue the generation of the hydrocarbon, "gas; The air-valve H in thetube H permits the generating-chamber G to be drainedof gasolene byadmitting air-pressure from the air-chamber B to the generating chamber,

pressure within the air-chamber B will cause, the'hydrocarbon' again torise to the generate; ing-chamb'er G, This is desirable in starting thegeneration ofgas to remove the body of liquid from thegenerating-chamber, permit 'inghthe quick' heating ofthat chamber."

' p'ipeE, thereby regulating the quantity of air; which mixes with thegenerated gas .dis

thus allowing the hydrocarbon in that chama her to be drawn downwardthroughthetube F and the conductor-pipe O by the force of,"

gravitation; Upon closing the valve H the The air-funnel J is moved toor; from the end of mammals-valve by turning the fun? n'el in its screwthread'connectionwith the charged from the needle-valve casing, I

r as iuFignB, and that the hydrocarb on fuel may b dlir a t t e o n r mrm a ow tan n te d o b aised; by air pressure; but I much prefer thelatter;

means of feeding thehydrocarbon to thegen- "crating-chamber:

11 Ihave found that a considerable advantage arises from the inclinedposition whichl have i giventhegenerating chamber.

' zontally-extending generating-chamber the hydrocarbon'feeds into itwith a pulsating With a hojri-' movement, making the flow of gas fromthe g needle-valve, and consequently the flame, uni

steady, and this is particularly'trne' when the hydrocarbon is suppliedfrom an elevated tank, flowing to the generating-chamber by the'forceofgravitation. I

The arrangement here shown of the needlevalve is such that the generatedgas is rev'erted from the generator-chamber and caused again'to passacross the heatedzone above the burner,whereby the. 'gas is not onlythoroughly heatedybut is discharged in a'direction contrary to thatofthe liquid hydrocarbon upon its entrance to the generating-chamber,which latter is of great con- :venience in the construction of theselamps, "an more especially in building those ofthe chandelier variety. Ih v e I claim as my inventiou- I '1." In a hydrocarbon illumi'nating lamp, in combination, a hydrocarbon-receptacle; a burner; amixing-pipe forvsupplying[gas to said burner; anairvfunnel hav-ingan adjustableconnection with themixing-pipe; agenerating-chamber havingcommunioation'with said .hydrocarbon-i'eceptacle, located abovesaid'burner; ma a needle-valve casing over the burner yiiigsubstantially. parallel with e and having communication with saidgenercommunicating between the air-chamber and the generating-chamber,and a valve, inthe air-tube, substantially as and for the pui*- posespecified, ,i WILLIAM HAWKS;

' Witnesse s:

a L. L. MILLER,

Gno. L. CHINDAHL.

discharge-valve 'andthe burner,.a'n air-tube.

